Markus 3:13-15

Appointing the Twelve Apostles

3:13 Now ¹  Jesus went up the mountain ²  and called for those he wanted, and they came to him. 3:14 He ³  appointed twelve (whom he named apostles ⁴ ), ⁵  so that they would be with him and he could send them to preach 3:15 and to have authority to cast out demons.

Markus 6:7

Sending Out the Twelve Apostles

6:7 Jesus ⁶  called the twelve and began to send them out two by two. He gave them authority over the unclean spirits. ⁷ 

Lukas 4:36

4:36 They ⁸  were all amazed and began to say ⁹  to one another, “What’s happening here? ¹⁰  For with authority and power ¹¹  he commands the unclean spirits, and they come out!”

Lukas 9:1

The Sending of the Twelve Apostles

9:1 After ¹²  Jesus ¹³  called ¹⁴  the twelve ¹⁵  together, he gave them power and authority over all demons and to cure ¹⁶  diseases,

[3:13]  ¹ tn Grk “And.” Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic.

[3:13]  ² tn Or “up a mountain” (εἰς τὸ ὅρος, eis to Joro").

[3:13]  sn The expression up the mountain here may be idiomatic or generic, much like the English “he went to the hospital” (cf. 15:29), or even intentionally reminiscent of Exod 24:12 (LXX), since the genre of the Sermon on the Mount seems to be that of a new Moses giving a new law.

[3:14]  ³ tn Grk “And he.”

[3:14]  ⁴ sn The term apostles is rare in the gospels, found only here and Mark 6:30, Matt 10:2, and six more times in Luke (6:13; 9:10; 11:49; 17:5; 22:14; 24:10).

[3:14]  ⁵ tc The phrase “whom he named apostles” is lacking in the majority of mss (A C² [D] L ˹ 33 Ï latt sy). Several primary Alexandrian and Caesarean witnesses (א B [C* W] Θ Ë¹³ 28 pc co) include the phrase, so the external evidence is strongly in favor of this reading, especially since Alexandrian witnesses tend to witness to the shorter reading. It is possible that the Alexandrian witnesses have inserted these words to bring the text in line with Luke 6:13 (TCGNT 69), but against this is the internal evidence of Mark’s style: Mark tends toward gratuitous redundancy. Thus the inclusion of this phrase is supported by both internal and external evidence and should be regarded as more likely original than the omission.

[6:7]  ⁶ tn Grk “He”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[6:7]  ⁷ sn The phrase unclean spirits refers to evil spirits.

[4:36]  ⁸ tn Grk “And they.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[4:36]  ⁹ tn This imperfect verb has been translated as an ingressive imperfect.

[4:36]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “What is this word?” The Greek term λόγος (logos) has a wide range of meaning. Here it seems to mean, “What is this matter?” More idiomatically it would be, “What’s going on here?!”

[4:36]  ¹¹ sn The phrase with authority and power is in an emphatic position in the Greek text. Once again the authority of Jesus is the point, but now it is not just his teaching that is emphasized, but his ministry. Jesus combined word and deed into a powerful testimony in Capernaum.

[9:1]  ¹² tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

[9:1]  ¹³ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[9:1]  ¹⁴ tn An aorist participle preceding an aorist main verb may indicate either contemporaneous (simultaneous) action (“When he called… he gave”) or antecedent (prior) action (“After he called… he gave”). The participle συγκαλεσάμενος (sunkalesameno") has been translated here as indicating antecedent action.

[9:1]  ¹⁵ tc Some mss add ἀποστόλους (apostolou", “apostles”; א C* L Θ Ψ 070 0291 ˹³ 33 579 892 1241 1424 2542 pc lat) or μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ (maqhta" autou, “his disciples”; C³ al it) here, but such clarifying notes are clearly secondary.

[9:1]  ¹⁶ sn Note how Luke distinguishes between exorcisms (authority over all demons) and diseases here.